Ebrahim Shakiba; Nahid Khademi; Malihe Khoramdad; Yousef Alimohamadi; Neda Izadi
Volume 19, Issue 8 , August 2017, , Pages 1-6
Abstract
Background: There is some evidence suggesting that Body Mass Index (BMI) may increase plasma lipoprotein levels.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the possible association between BMI and dyslipidemia among the government staff of Kermanshah.Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional ...
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Background: There is some evidence suggesting that Body Mass Index (BMI) may increase plasma lipoprotein levels.Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the possible association between BMI and dyslipidemia among the government staff of Kermanshah.Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on the staff of 13 governmental organizations in Kermanshah (a city located in the west of Iran) in 2012. The staff was recruited using census method. We obtained information of 1496 staff aged 22 - 69 through the standardized stepwise questionnaire for NCDs risk factor surveillance. The staff was then physically examined by trained persons. Finally, their blood samples were obtained.Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 16.6% in the study group, with the prevalence of 18.2% in men and 7.9% in women. There were also 53% (55.8% in men and 7.9% in women) and 17.8% (17.6% in men and 38.1% in women) prevalence rates for overweight and obesity, respectively. Dyslipidemia was significantly associated with factors such as BMI (P value = 0.004), gender (P value < 0.001), marital status (P value = 0.01), cigarette smoking (P value = 0.008), and hookah smoking (P value = 0.002), but not with passive smoking, age, education level, physical activity, FBS (fast blood sugar), WHR (waist to hip ratio), hypertension, waist size, and hip size.In the adjusted model, there was a link merely between obesity and dyslipidemia while no statistically significant association was found between dyslipidemia and overweight. Moreover, a non-linear dose-response association was observed between dyslipidemia and BMI.Conclusions: Since dyslipidemia was significantly prevalent among men, fat people, and smokers, a particular attention is crucial to be paid to these groups.
Malihe Khoramdad; Mehrali Rahimi; Zahra Cheraghi; Neda Izadi; Yousef Alimohamadi; Alireza Firouzi; Jabbar Shafiei
Volume 19, Issue 3 , March 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Context: There is no global consensus on the issue that what dairy subgroups can affect diabetes; thus, this meta-analysis aims to shed light on this matter. Evidence Acquisition: Main electronic databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed, updated to March 2016, were investigated. ...
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Context: There is no global consensus on the issue that what dairy subgroups can affect diabetes; thus, this meta-analysis aims to shed light on this matter. Evidence Acquisition: Main electronic databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed, updated to March 2016, were investigated. All original articles from Prospective Cohort and Case-Cohort studies examining the relationship between dairy products subgroups consumption and the risk of diabetes were brought under consideration without any restrictions on age, gender, language, race, and publication year. To validate this study, the STROBE checklist was used. The indices of relative risk and rate ratio were reported using Random Effect Model.Results: Out of 1391 articles, 13 (covering 421,421 people) were introduced to the current meta-analysis. The findings showed that the consumption of yoghurt and cream has preventive effects on the risk of diabetes: Yogurt: relative risk = 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.84), rate ratio = 0.66 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.70); Cream: rate ratio = 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.91). Although the relative risk index showed that milk consumption diminishes the risk of diabetes by 11%, this relationship was not statistically significant: Milk: relative risk = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.97), rate ratio = 1.07 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.24). This study also indicated that intake of low-fat milk, ice cream, and cheese has no impact on the incidence of diabetes: Cheese: relative risk = 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.04), rate ratio = 1.04 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.16); Low-fat milk: rate ratio = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.14); Ice cream: rate ratio = 1.05 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.18). Conclusions: Due to the scarcity of studies related to some dairy subgroups, it is not possible to make a final judgment about their effects on the risk of diabetes; therefore, more studies need to be conducted on this issue.
Mehran Babanejad; Neda Izadi; Alireza Rai; Shabboo Sohrabzadeh; Seyed Moayed Alavian; Alireza Zangeneh
Volume 19, Issue 1 , January 2017, , Pages 1-9
Abstract
Context: Infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) pose a major challenge to the public health and also results in high mortality and morbidity rates in different parts of the world, especially in children. This study performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies ...
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Context: Infections caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) pose a major challenge to the public health and also results in high mortality and morbidity rates in different parts of the world, especially in children. This study performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies conducted during the years 2000-16 to clarify the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children and adolescents younger than 16 years of age in EMRO and Middle Eastern (E and M) countries.Evidence Acquisition: Scientific databases including PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Persian databases were searched for relevant articles published from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2016. Based on the results of homogeneity tests (a significant homogeneity test and a large I2 value) a random effects model was used to aggregate the collected data and calculate the pooled prevalence estimates.Results: We included 20 articles in our meta-analysis. The pooled HBsAg prevalence in children of E and M countries was 2.73% (95% CI: %1.73% - 3.72%). The prevalence rates in the EMRO and Middle Eastern countries were 1.85% (95% CI: 1.27% - 2.43%) and 2.66% (95% CI: 1.31% - 4.01%), respectively. The prevalence rates amongst children in nations considered in more than one study were 0.81% (95% CI: 0% - 1.74%) in Iran, 2.64% (95% CI: 1.63% - 3.64%) in Pakistan, and 5.83% (95% CI: 2.99% - 8.67%) in Turkey.Conclusions: Based on the world health organization classification of HBV prevalence, intermediate HBsAg prevalence rates were detected in children of E and M countries during 2000 - 2016. Nevertheless, the prevalence rates were low in several included countries in mentioned regions.
